Non-invasive Brain Stimulation

The Neurostimulation Lab

A shared facility for non-invasive brain stimulation in research on brain–behavior relationships — pairing MRI-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation, MRI-compatible transcranial electrical stimulation, and steerable temporal-interference stimulation for deep-brain targeting without implants.

Maintained by the Wager Lab · Shared on request
Overview

Three modalities for brain–behavior research

The Neurostimulation Lab brings together three complementary non-invasive techniques under one roof, so investigators can move from mapping a brain region to directly probing its role in behavior, cognition, and clinical states.

Each system is designed to interoperate with the wider DBIC ecosystem — from MRI-based neuronavigation that targets stimulation to individual anatomy, to an MRI-compatible electrical-stimulation setup verified for use inside the 3T scanner.

  • TMS: MagVenture MagPro X100 with Localite MRI-based neuronavigation
  • tES: Neuroelectrics Starstim 8 & 20 — combined tDCS/tACS/tRNS with concurrent EEG
  • tTIS: transcranial temporal interference stimulation for deep, steerable targeting
  • Integration: MRI-compatible tES verified for in-scanner use at the DBIC
A TMS session in the Wager Lab: a seated participant with researchers positioning the coil over the scalp
A TMS session in the Neurostimulation Lab — researchers position the coil over an individually targeted cortical site.
The Localite TMS Navigator screen showing a 3D reconstruction of a participant's head with fMRI-based targets
The Localite TMS Navigator neuronavigation screen — a 3D head reconstruction with fMRI-based targets guides coil placement.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation

MagVenture TMS with Localite neuronavigation

A MagVenture MagPro X100 (230 V) stimulator drives a Cool-B65 A/P fluid-cooled figure-8 coil, which supports both verum (active) and sham stimulation for blinded, controlled designs. Fluid cooling enables the sustained pulse trains needed for repetitive TMS protocols.

Targeting is guided by the Localite TMS Navigator, an MRI-based neuronavigation system that co-registers each participant's structural scan to their head in real time. Paired with a tracking camera, it lets operators place and maintain the coil over an anatomically or functionally defined target with continuous visual feedback.

ComponentDetails
StimulatorMagVenture MagPro X100 (230 V)
CoilCool-B65 A/P fluid-cooled figure-8, verum & sham
NeuronavigationLocalite TMS Navigator, MRI-based
TargetingReal-time optical tracking for continuous coil placement
Transcranial electrical stimulation

Neuroelectrics Starstim 8 & 20

Two fMRI-compatible Starstim systems combine transcranial electrical stimulation with concurrent EEG recording at the same electrode sites — letting you stimulate and read out cortical activity together.

tDCS

Transcranial direct-current stimulation to shift cortical excitability up or down at targeted sites.

tACS

Transcranial alternating-current stimulation to entrain and probe rhythmic neural activity.

tRNS

Transcranial random-noise stimulation for stochastic modulation of cortical responsiveness.

Concurrent EEG

24-bit EEG recorded at the same sites as stimulation, so activity can be monitored throughout a session.

8- & 20-channel

Starstim 8 and Starstim 20 offer a choice of montage density for focal or multi-site protocols.

fMRI-compatible

Designed for use alongside MRI, enabling stimulation studies that pair with functional imaging.

In the scanner

MRI-compatible tES inside the 3T

The DBIC operates an MRI-compatible Starstim 8 that can be used with a participant inside the scanner. The stimulator itself sits in the control room, connected to the head coil region through MR-filtered, shielded cables that carry current into the bore without compromising image quality or safety.

Stimulation is delivered through saline-sponge electrodes suited to the MRI environment. The full configuration has been verified as safe for in-scanner use, enabling designs that pair stimulation with functional imaging.

  • Stimulator location: control room, outside the magnet
  • Cabling: MR-filtered, shielded leads into the bore
  • Electrodes: saline-sponge pads for the MRI environment
  • Status: verified safe for use inside the 3T scanner
Facilities diagram of the MRI-compatible Starstim setup showing the stimulator in the control room and shielded cabling into the scanner chamber
DBIC facilities diagram of the MRI-compatible in-scanner Starstim 8 setup — the stimulator in the control room, with MR-filtered shielded cabling routed into the scanner chamber.
In the lab

Setting up an electrical-stimulation session

Preparing a tES/tTIS session means fitting a stimulation head cap, placing electrodes at the planned montage sites, and connecting the stimulator control units.

Electric-field modeling render on a 3D brain showing the targeted region for temporal-interference stimulation
Electric-field modeling for temporal-interference targeting.
Temporal interference

Deep, steerable stimulation without implants

Transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is an emerging technique for reaching deep brain structures non-invasively. The lab runs an 8-channel TI Solutions system as an early adopter of the approach.

Rather than stimulating with a single frequency, tTIS applies two current pairs at slightly different kHz-range frequencies. Individually these are too fast to drive neurons, but where the fields overlap they interfere to produce a low-frequency envelope. By adjusting the currents — informed by electric-field modeling of each participant's anatomy — that envelope and the region it modulates can be steered to deep targets without surgical implants.

Why it matters: conventional electrical stimulation is strongest at the scalp. Temporal interference shifts the peak of neural drive to a focal, steerable region below the surface.
Safety

Verified protocols & scanner safety

Every configuration in the lab is operated under verified safety procedures, with particular care in the MRI environment.

Important: For the MRI-compatible Starstim setup, there is no active stimulation during image acquisition. Stimulation and scanning are handled so that current is not delivered while images are being acquired, preserving both participant safety and data quality.
Access

Using the facility

The Neurostimulation Lab is maintained by the Wager Lab and shared on request. Because stimulation studies require appropriate training, screening, and protocol approval — and, for in-scanner work, coordination with DBIC scheduling — access is arranged on a per-project basis. Prospective users are encouraged to reach out early to discuss study design, targeting, and safety requirements.

Contact: Maintained by the Wager Lab · Shared on request. To discuss access or a collaboration, contact courtney.rogers@dartmouth.edu · Moore Hall, Hanover, NH.
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